Introduction to Graphs

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Graphs turn numbers into pictures so readers catch each rise or fall. The horizontal axis marks one variable and the vertical axis tracks another. Most graphs let values cross from negative through zero into positive territory. With a line chart one watches trends over time. A bar chart highlights each category in its own block. In a pie chart a circle splits into segments matching each share.

Each graph starts with a clear title. Labelling horizontal and vertical axes shows what each axis measures. The creator picks scales to match the data range. This choice keeps values accurate. Every tick mark links directly to one unit of measure.

Data points can jump above the rest. Such peaks grab attention. Trends appear as lines moving up or down. A sudden shift hints at a pattern change. Analysts use these clues and draw conclusions. Graphs serve markets. Pollsters apply them in surveys. Researchers rely on them for experiments.